And Engelhardt biography

Biography The name of the writer Nikolai Alexandrovich Engelhardt was undeservedly forgotten in the Soviet era, since he was a convinced monarchist. In addition, the writer had a fundamental creative position, he did not focus on the mass reader. We did everything to avoid it. We had beliefs. We did not attach importance to the street. Being the son of a famous chemist, the author of the letters “from the village” of Alexander Nikolaevich and writer Anna Nikolaevna, Nikolai Engelhardt already at a young age felt the gift of the word and firmly connected his life with literature.

Summing up the results of his literary activity, he drew up a plan for the complete works, which included 38 volumes. Poetry accompanied Engelhardt from the first years of life, it organically entered his children's games, enriched with vivid impressions. Paying attention to this inclination of his son, his father introduced him to the rules for writing poetry, and at eight years the boy already knew what foot, rhyme, size, and cesura are.

Having lived for three years in Batishchev, Kolya Engelhardt left for Petersburg to study. And then the sister brought him to Smolensk, where he continued his studies at the local classical gymnasium. The historical paintings of Smolensk ”, on which the young poet worked on the years and which, unfortunately, was not finished and preserved only in excerpts. At the end of the gymnasium, Engelhardt goes to St.

Petersburg and enters the Forest Institute. But soon he realizes that his true calling is literature, and, without graduating from the course, devotes himself completely to artistic creativity. In December, two of his books were published - prose, the other - poems. The poems of Engelhardt with GO years were printed in various magazines. In addition to artistic creativity, Engelhardt was engaged in journalism, collaborating with various newspapers and magazines.

He wrote about modern life, criticizing its shortcomings, trying to “burn the hearts of people”, to enlighten them. The idea was not embodied, the manuscripts of individual philosophical treatises written by him at that time were preserved and are in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts. Merezhkovsky "outcast". This article has forever “divorced” with the modernists of a young writer, who later recalled: “My attitude to decades was sharply negative.” He was prepared by the second collection of poems “Lamen”, but in a fit of discontent, the poet threw the written into the waste paper.

In the Russian Herald, Roman Engelhardt “under the sign of Saturn” was printed. In it, the accusatory pathos is strongly, on many pages of the book, the writer acts as a satirist, depicting the bourgeois of the district city, inept landowners, St. Petersburg officials and Literary Bomond. In the newspaper "New Time" N. Engelhardt placed notes and art prose.

The general response of the public received performances by Engelhardt with a report entitled “Critical Analysis of Russian Neo -Marxism”, which took place within three evenings in the room filled to captivity. In the year, Engelhardt summarizes the achievements of domestic literature and writes "The History of Russian Literature of the XIX century." The work lasted for a year and a half.

In the “Russian Herald”, the work of N. Engelhardt “Earth and the State” is published, in it the author proves that the foundation of Russian statehood is a folk community, Orthodoxy and monarchical rule. Engelhardt joins the Russian Assembly monarchist society, which consists of a member of which in December, as part of a deputation, meets with the sovereign.

In the novel “Under the sign of the Sun,” N. Engelhardt makes an attempt to depict a positive hero of his time, creates the image of a baron of Fabian, a German, in love with Russia and the Russian people. In the period from to gg. Almost all of his historical novels were written to Engelhardt, the author himself realized the paramount importance of which in his creative heritage: “My household novels were printed, read, but only turning to the historical genre, I felt some power of the pen, and the success of my historical novels was much more clearly.” Then, in the “Historical Herald”, a story called “Shklovsky Assignations” was published in the same magazine published the novels “Windwheel Tron”, “Catherine Colossus” and “Count Phoenix”.

Not all related to the historical fiction of Engelhardt saw light. About how much of it has remained unknown to the reader, the plan of the complete collection of his historical works compiled by the writer in twenty -four volumes says. Published in magazines and newspapers is only the fourth part of the included in this list. In the mm years, Engelhardt worked on the “history of Russian civilization” that had not seen the light, the materials for which are currently stored in the Russian State Archive of Literature and Art.

The third collection of poems, “Scanty Days” was compiled from the translations of eastern and western mystical poetry and the elegy of the Chinese poet of the 13th century, Taois Chin-Chun. Like all 10 poetic collections of Engelhardt, in addition to the first, he was not published.In the “Historical Herald”, “long -standing episodes” were printed - essays that the writer wrote in connection with the collection of materials on the history of his own.

At the end of the year, Engelhardt was experiencing a spiritual crisis, sensitively reacting to the collapse of the monarchy. Love for Russia is a core feature of Engelhardt. Therefore, even being a convinced monarchist, he did not leave the country after the revolution. Even in the year, Engelhardt tried himself as a playwright.

His first play, “A lover of the blue dream of thoughtfulness,” written based on the ancient traditions of China, in M ​​years went on the stage of the State Mobile Theater P. Gaideburov and N. Each of the plays illustrates the bloody event of the history of Russia, and their combination demonstrates the consistent movement of the monarchical empire to its death, which with every new crime becomes more and more inevitable.

All these plays were never staged on stage. Engelhardt acted not only as the author, but also as a drama theorist. He built his theory of drama on the basis of modernized classic “three unities”, adding the fourth to them - “unity of idea”. The dramatic theme, according to Engelhardt, should develop multiple -planned in the interaction of seven streams: colorful, sound, speech, human, ideological, non -nome - and a stream called the "panorama of the cinema." The history of literature continued to be another line of work of Engelhardt.

The field of his research interest was noticeably expanded, covering the entire history of Russian literature. The result of the work was the work “From the singer Bayan to Alexander Blok. Essays on the history of Russian literature from ancient times to the present day. ” The last stage of Engelhardt's work is mainly connected with the writing of memories called "Episodes of my life." The vast literary and near-litigative ties of the writer himself and his closest relatives determine the interest of researchers in these memoirs: Engelhardt was married to K.

Balmont's first wife, his son-in-law was N. Gumilyov, his firstborn was baptized by Vl. Solovyov, related bonds associated the family of Engelhardtes with M. Saltykov-Shchedrin, fate gave N. Engelhardt a meeting with L. Tolstoy, N. Nekrasov, F. Dostoevsky, A. Pleshcheyev, Y. Polonsky, A. Chekhov, N. Vavilov, V. Rozanov, V. Lenin and others. Until the end of his life, the Engelgardt continued to write poetry, poems, did not leave the classes.

Describing himself in this capacity, the writer noted: “As a poet, I did not belong to the School of Symbolists and decadents. Of particular interest to N. Engelhardt are for Smolyans. Although the writer was born in St. Petersburg and lived in it for most of his life, he felt like a Smolyan. In this status he was also perceived by others. It is significant that his memoirs, created by him from the GG.

This signature, by virtue of the actual inconsistency with reality, acquires special significance. In recent decades, the name of Engelhardt has come out of non -being. Historical novels “The bloodied Throne”, “Count Phoenix”, “Catherine Colossus”, excerpts from memories, his “History of Russian Literature of the 19th Century” came into view of literature. We can say that to some extent, the words of Nikolai Engelhardt about the specifics of writing and relationships with the reader are prophetic towards him: “During the tide, in vain to scold the sea or beg him to return.

We must patiently wait, an hour of tide will come at one time. For every honest, sincere writer who put his whole life in the thought, this hour always comes. The second recognition of the worker comes, who himself has long been reconciled with his oblivion. ” Engelhardt "Episodes of my life."