Patron Demidov Biography

Representatives of the dynasty Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov December 29, January 9 - July 1, the village of Leonovo on Yauz - a scientist naturalist, a real state adviser, philanthropist, founder of the Yaroslavl School of Higher Sciences. An equally bright figure in the fourth generation of the Demidov clan was the cousin of Nikolai Nikitich, Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov.

A twelve -year -old boy, together with the brothers Alexander and Peter, he goes to Europe for ten years, where, according to the plan, his father conceived by his father, Grigory Akinfievich Demidov, he studies at the University of Gettingen, and then at the University of Fryberg and the University of Uppsala, minerology, metallurgy, natural sciences, and then meets with natural sciences, and then meets with Monument to Nikolai Nikitich Demidov on Piazza Niccolo Demidoff in Florence.

The work of L. photography by E. Efimova, G. After the death of his father in the year, he returns to his homeland and, entrusting the concern for the inheritance of his brothers, is completely given to the classes Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov. Engraving by N. Sokolov from the portrait of F. Rokotov, a picturesque portrait of the brush F. For many years, he supports scientific correspondence with leading European scientists, especially with Karl Linnie, who was not only his teacher, but also a friend.

Considering the enlightenment of the “first degree of well -being of the state”, he was one of the first to respond to the call of Alexander I to the patriots to promote the good of domestic education. In the year, he asked a letter to the highest name with a request to command “... a gymnasium appointed in Yaroslavl to elevate to such a school that would have the same degree with the university and all the advantages of it, leading the class of university sciences in it.” Pavel Grigoryevich donated thousands of rubles and the souls of serfs for the institution and maintenance of a higher educational institution.

In the petition, a wish was expressed that the mentioned amount of money was the eternal capital of the school and it used only interest. The main part of the income, the educational institution was supposed to receive as a scorch with the fortress peasants assigned to it Romanov and Uglich Demidov estates. Demidov in Yaroslavl of the Higher Sciences of the School. Simultaneously with the institution in Yaroslavl, Pavel Grigoryevich transferred thousands of rubles as a gift to Moscow University along with the rare natural scientific collections, coins, anti -Kniks, paintings and a huge library, the total cost of which exceeded thousands of rubles.

He allocates 50 thousand rubles to the opening of universities in Kyiv and Tobolsk. Since the university in Tobolsk was not created, capital increased to thousands was used to open the university in Tomsk. A copy of the letter by P. Demidov Karl Linneus. October of the year. From the archives of the University of Uppsala Sweden Emperor Alexander I against the backdrop of these donations, government allocations for the needs of Russian higher education look very modest.

In gg. Medal in honor of Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov. The Yaroslavl Art Museum of Pavel Grigoryevich made a great impression on the enlightened Russian society for the needs of the Enlightenment. He was granted the Order of St. Vladimir of the first degree, and by the command of the sovereign in his honor, a gold medal with the image of the philanthropist and the inscription "For the Belief of Sciences" was knocked out in his honor.

Yaroslavl Demidov Higher Sciences School began its historical life in August 1. Around the same time, the Demidov Department of Natural History was created at Moscow University, and a year later the Imperial Museum of Natural History was opened at the university, which, at the suggestion of P. P. Demidov, were posted in the three halls of the museum. In the first hall there was a collection of minerals and precious stones, as well as windows with crustaceans, mollusks and insects collected by Pavel Grigoryevich himself under the leadership of K.

The Second Hall accommodated the collections of invertebrates, mainly polypoids acquired by P. Demidov in Paris, and part of the library, completely occupied the third hall. The Demidov library was unique. Here it was possible to find publications in all branches of knowledge, as well as the rarest French, Arab, Chinese and other manuscripts of the VIII-XII centuries.

There were also the manuscript works of the donor himself in mathematics, chemistry, mining and descriptions of his observations made at the deposits of Russia and Western Europe. Unfortunately, all these rich meetings, like the archive of the university, died in a year in the fire of a Moscow fire. Only a collection of mollusks and part of the collection of polypoids, taken out with a convoy to Nizhny Novgorod, and several copies of books from the library of P., in particular, the handwritten French Bible of the 13th century, survived.

As an employee of the scientific library of Moscow State University I. Velikodnaya told me, the manuscript among other books was taken to work by historiographer Nikolai Karamzin and survived only because the Karamzins house did not suffer from fire. Ivanov and Yu. Cantor managed to distinguish the preserved part of the Demidov collection of mollusks from the common fund, and today it can be seen in the halls of the museum.Fortunately, in the year in the funds of the State Geological Museum.

Vernadsky employees of the Museum of Z. Bessudovaya and V. Zhigallo found 34 copies of the polypoids of corals from the collection of P. Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov in Moscow on July 1 at the age of 83, without leaving his offspring, and was buried in the Spaso-Andronievsky monastery. Unfortunately, the tombstone on his grave was not preserved, as a monument in Yaroslavl, built in the year at the expense of the Yaroslavl nobility collected by subscription, was not preserved.

Having stood the years, in the year he was barbarously destroyed. The building of the Higher Sciences of the School, which then became the Demidov legal lyceum, has not reached this day. In our days, the historical successor of the latter was the Yaroslavl University, which, thanks to the efforts of the Yaroslavl public and the International Demidov Fund, has been named after its founder for six years.

In the year, in the south anniversary of the birth of a scientist and philanthropist, demidov readings were held at the university, and a memorial plaque was opened. The monument to Pavel Grigoryevich Demidov in Yaroslavl was not preserved. Photo of the late XIX century. Yaroslavl Historical and Architectural Museum.