The biography of the eastern philosopher

About Confucius Confucius Kit. Kun Tzu, less often whale. Kun Fu-tzu, Latinized as Confucius-a Chinese thinker and philosopher. His teaching had a deep influence on the civilization of China and East Asia, becoming the basis of the philosophical system, known as Confucianism. And this is not by chance: already at the age of a little over 20 years he became famous as the first professional teacher of the Middle Kingdom.

The biography of Confucius was born Confucius in the city of Confucius Shu Lyanhee was a brave warrior from a noble princely family. In his first marriage, he only had girls, nine daughters, but there was no heir. In the second marriage, such a long -awaited boy was born, but, unfortunately, was a cripple. Then, at a fairly respectable age about 66 years, he decides on a third marriage, and a young girl from the Yan clan agrees to become his wife, who believes that the will of the father needs to be fulfilled.

The visions that visit her after the wedding portend the appearance of a great person. The birth of a child is accompanied by many wonderful circumstances. When the time of childbirth came, Shu Lianhe and Yan Ji went to perform a prayer service in a cave of a clay hill, which, according to Lustsev belief, possessed magical power. Confucius was born there. The boy was named Kiu and gave the nickname Zhong Neither.

Tsu - hill, nor - clay. According to tradition, there were 49 signs of future greatness on his body. The father of Confucius died when the boy was 3 years old, and the young mother dedicated everything to live the upbringing of the boy. Her constant leadership, the purity of personal life played a large role in the formation of the character of the child.

Already in early childhood, Confucius was distinguished by the outstanding abilities and talent of the predictor. He loved to play, imitating ceremonies, unconsciously repeating the ancient sacred rituals. And this could not but amaze others. Little Confucius was far from the games inherent in his age; His main entertainment was conversations with sages and elders. At the age of 7, he was sent to a school, where the development of 6 skills was mandatory: the ability to perform rituals, the ability to listen to music, the ability to shoot from a bow, the ability to control the chariot, the ability to write, the ability to count.

Confucius was born with an infinite susceptibility to teaching, the awakened mind forced him to read and, most importantly, to absorb all the knowledge set out in the classical books of that era, so later he said: “He did not have teachers, but only students.” At the end of the school, Confucius passed the most difficult exams with one hundred percent result.

At the age of 17, he already held the position of state official, guardian of Ambarov. Later, the cattle of the Kingdom of Lou entered his conduct. Angry about whether you serve well in the place where you are. ” At twenty -five, for his indisputable virtues of Confucius, he was marked by the whole cultural society. One of the climaxing in his life was the invitation of a noble ruler to visit the capital of the Middle Kingdom.

This journey allowed Confucius to fully realize himself the heir and guardian of the ancient tradition was considered by many contemporaries. He decided to create a school based on traditional teachings, where a person would learn to know the laws of the world, people and open his own capabilities. Confucius wanted to see his students with “holistic people”, useful to the state and society, therefore he taught them to various fields of knowledge based on different canons.

With his students, Confucius was simple and firm: “Why doesn't one who does not ask himself questions“ Why? Who does not burn, I do not open it. And one who cannot identify the ratio of three corners on one corner - I do not repeat for that. ” Glory about him spread far beyond the limits of neighboring kingdoms. The recognition of his wisdom reached such an extent that he occupied the post of Minister of Justice - in those days the most responsible position in the state.

He did so much for his country that neighboring states began to be afraid of the kingdom, which brilliantly developed the efforts of one person. Slander and slander led to the fact that the ruler of Lu ceased to absorb the advice of Confucius. Confucius left his native state and went on a trip around the country, instructing rulers and beggars, princes and plowmen, young and old people.

Everywhere where he passed, he was begged to stay, but he invariably answered: "My duty extends to all people without distinction, because I consider everyone who inhabit the Earth, members of one family in which I must fulfill the sacred mission of the mentor." For Confucius, knowledge and virtue were united and inseparable, and therefore life in accordance with its philosophical beliefs was an integral part of the teaching itself.

He was not a “worm”, buried in his teaching and sitting in a chair far from life. Philosophy was not for him a model of ideas exhibited for human awareness, but a system of commandments, integral from the behavior of the philosopher. ” In the case of Confucius, one can safely put an equal sign between his philosophy and his human fate. The sage died in the year BC; He predicted his death in advance.Despite the outwardly modest biographical data, Confucius remains the greatest figure in the spiritual history of China.

One of his contemporaries said: “The Celestial Empire has long been in chaos. But now the sky wished to make the teacher a awakening bell ”Confucius did not like to talk about himself and described his whole life path in several lines:“ At the age of 15, I turned my thoughts to teach. At 30 - I gained a strong foundation. At 40 - I managed to free myself from doubt.

At 50 - I knew the will of the sky. At 60 - I learned to distinguish the truth from lies. At 70 - I began to follow the call of my heart and did not break the ritual. " In this statement, all Confucius is a person and the ideal of a tradition known as Confucianism. His path from studying through the knowledge of the “will of the sky” to freely follow the desires of the heart and compliance with the rules of behavior, which he considered sacred, “heavenly”, became the moral guideline of the entire culture of China.