Biography of Leonid Trefolev

Trefolev L. Trefolev Leonid Nikolaevich 9. Love, the Yaroslavl province - was born in the family of a member of the district court, the impoverished landowner Nikolai Dmitrievich Trefolev. Trefolev’s mother, Claudia Petrovna, like Nikolai, Dmitrievich, was a passionate “hunter to books”, bibliophile. Trefolev’s parents were also theaters, and Trefolev from childhood inherited the love of books, for education.

From the age of age he began to “rhyme”, that is, write poems. He graduated from the Gymnasium in Yaroslavl, wanted to continue education at the Demidov Lyceum, but the family lost his father, and hopes for student youth were left. In the year, Trefovov enters the service in the provincial rule, as an assistant editor of the "Yaroslavl provincial shifts". The first poems of Trefolev, original and translated berangea, Heine, etc.

appear in the press. In the beginning of the 10ths, the Poems of Trefolev begin to print metropolitan newspapers, and then magazines. He hides his authorship behind the pseudonyms - “secluded Poshekhonets”, “Yaroslavl old -timer” and others. Julia Zhadovskaya, who lived in Yaroslavl, provided great creative assistance to the young poet. According to Trefolev, Zhadovskaya gave him “smart and useful tips regarding the plots, forms and melody of poems”.

In these years, Trefolev also became known as a regular employee of the historical magazines “Ancient and New Russia”, “Russian Archive”, “Historical Bulletin”.

After some time, Trefolev began to edit the "Bulletin of the Yaroslavl Zemstvo." Since the time, the heyday of the “natural school” in Russian literature, “physiological essays”, Trefolev inherited interest in human characters, portraits, artistic details, and accurate facts. The heroes of the Trefolevo poems are ruined, descending officials, Burlaki, pulling a strap from Samara to Rybinsk, seminarians, peasants, provincial actors.

It is no accident that the year is the time of the rapprochement of Trefolev and the young Chekhov. Trefolev in verses, and Chekhov in prose opened a new area in the literature - the sphere of everyday hardships, cases, and trifles. The everyday life of a postal official, county paramedic, the clerk occupies Chekhova just as Trefolev occupies: the Odyssey of Kamarinsky Kasyan on Barvarinskaya Street in Yaroslavl, or a gram letter received by the peasant Daria about her husband’s death in St.

Petersburg in St. Petersburg. Trefolev worries what Russian life consists of, which is the essence of the national character, its capabilities. In the “Pictures from nature”, in “Pictures from the former -lively” subtitles of the Trefolevsky works - Russia is obsessed with “Crooked See”, Russia in its falls, idleness, boredom, devastation. But in dreams, in impulses, in exploits. Subsequently, the “Song of the Kamarinsky Man” and “Dubinushka” Trefolev became folk.

One of the translations of the poems of the exiled Polish poet Ludwick Kondratovich became the famous folk song "When I served as a coachman at the post office." For five years. Trefolev edited the unofficial part of the "Yaroslavl provincial statements", under his editorship, the newspaper became one of the best provincial press bodies. Trefolev also took an active part in editing the “works of the Yaroslavl Statistical Committee” where Trefolev’s extensive monograph “Wanderers was printed.

Episode from the history of the split. " Trefolev’s attachment to the past of his land was remarkable. Lomonosov’s thought “about his own non -deposits and rapid mind of Platons” is dear to him. About the father of the Russian theater, F. Volkov, Trefolev wrote in the essay "Yaroslavl under Empress Elizabeth Petrovna." Next to F. Volkov in the essays of Trefolev are his countrymen, Yaroslavl.

Trefolev reminded the Yaroslavl residents that the first provincial journal “Sanny Poshekhonets” was published here in the year, edited by V. In the year Trefolev had to leave the public service and the “Yaroslavl provincial statements” due to political unreliability. After dismissal, Trefolev began to work in zemstvo institutions. For more than 25 years, he edited the "Bulletin of the Yaroslavl Zemstvo." Trefolev was not alien to liberal illusions, but in his satirical poems he murdes the liberal chatter, which flourished at various kinds of zemstvo meetings.

It is no accident that many works were prohibited by censorship. In the year, Trefolev was prohibited from a performance at F.'s Vera in December “Yaroslavl Society of Dramatic and Musical Art lovers” noted the flight of literary activity of L. in the year Trefolev organized the work of the Volkovsky subcommission to prepare the summer anniversary of the F.

Theater Volkov and the activities of its founder. Trefolev sought to give the anniversary of the Russian National Theater the All -Russian character. In the year, according to the memoirs of M. Chekhov, the writer’s brother on the stage of the Volkovsky Theater with a great triumph, Leonid Nikolayevich Trefolev was honored with his flying. Vanyashova M.