Biography of the artist Bosch

Jerome Bosch Jheronimus Bosch; Born around - died on August 9. Jerome Bosch became one of the most mysterious masters of painting during his lifetime, and his paintings are still surprising and admiration. At the Bosch, who boldly united in the XV-XVI centuries in his work, religion, morality and hard grotesque, in the progressive XX century pasted the labels of the alchemist, voluptuous heretic, avant-garde and even called a schizophrenic.

Jerome Bosch. Jacques Le Buk. In the Van Aquen family, everyone painted - grandfather, four of his sons and grandchildren. They had their own workshop, and young Bosch mastered the basics of drawing here, next to his grandfather and father. In the Catholic school, Jerome received deep knowledge in religion, mastered critical thinking and taught himself to strict discipline.

He is one of the few artists who had a high social status and a decent state during his lifetime. He married a girl from a wealthy merchant family, who received a solid house on a market square and other real estate in a dowry. So the young artist became a burgher, acquired a workshop, entered the religious fraternity of the Mother of God, whose backbone was a political and religious elite of a town, and devoted himself to art and charity.

He regularly prepared for the rituals and solemn processions of the brotherhood, painted the Cathedral of St. John, and created large -format paintings. And he even started rich and noble patrons, among whom the most eminent was Philip I Beautiful, the Duke of Burgundy and the king of Castile. He created the prima in the technique - a special form of oil painting, which provides for the application of just one layer of colors.

Brave and inventive, he did not lack the means and allowed himself creative experiments, filling the paintings with multilayer plots and introducing the mysterious characters in them. A fragment from the “Garden of Earthly Peninsions”, his works are literally teemed with monsters and demons, freaks and terrifying views. Jerome Bosch easily constructed bizarre entities from improvised means - he connected separate parts of a person’s bodies with the limbs of the animal and all kinds of utensils by barrels, spoons, bowls, jugs.

And all this was located on picturesque landscapes surrounded by cute little animals and numerous sinners, indulging in temptations in bushes and in clearings. However, he never went beyond decency, and even picky moralists always find an eloquent message in his works - you can’t sin, punishment is inevitably. Three spectators with a radically opposite worldview will find a convenient meaning for themselves in any picture of Bosch.

This is because he wrote simultaneously in several languages ​​of painting.

Using the religious, he deciphered biblical parables, on the "alchemical" - he put secret meanings even in strawberries, and on the "People's Dutch" he interpreted proverbs and bikes. The bizarre worlds created by the Boschu surprised his contemporaries, and, with his dissimilarity to other artists, he still won the glory of the “advanced” painter during his lifetime.

And even years after the death of Bosch, there are imitators, for example, Claude Verlind Claude Verlinde, a representative of French surrealism. Claude Verlind. 25 full -fledged works and eight drawings are recorded on his account. Only seven works are signed by the master. And each of the presented masterpieces captivates with brightness and mystery: “Garden of earthly pleasures” is the most famous triple of the artist.

The work written in the marriage of Count Henry III is dedicated to sin of voluptuousness and is stored in Prado. A work of art stored in Lisbon was copied about 20 times. Located in the Prado Museum. The triptych, made for Philip Beautiful, is stored at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts.